Breaking: ONC releases NPRM on certification programs

ONC announced release of the much-anticipated Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM) on certification programs.  Via ONC Press Release:

Certification of Health IT will provide assurance to purchasers and other users that an EHR system, or other relevant technology, offers the necessary technological capability, functionality, and security to help them meet the meaningful use criteria established for a given phase. Providers and patients must also be confident that the electronic health IT products and systems they use are secure, can maintain data confidentially, and can work with other systems to share information. Confidence in health IT systems is an important part of advancing health IT system adoption and allowing for the realization of the benefits of improved patient care.

Eligible professionals and eligible hospitals who seek to qualify for incentive payments under the Medicare and Medicaid EHR Incentive Programs are required by statute to use Certified EHR Technology. Once certified, Complete EHRs and EHR Modules would be able to be used by eligible professionals and eligible hospitals, or be combined, to meet the statutory requirement for Certified EHR Technology.
 

 

To this end, an NPRM proposing the establishment of certification programs for purposes of testing and certifying health information technology was issued in March 2010 with a request for comments. The NPRM proposes:

* A temporary certification program to assure the availability of Certified EHR Technology prior to the date on which health care providers seeking the incentive payments would begin to report demonstrable meaningful use of Certified EHR Technology.

* A permanent certification program to replace the temporary certification program.

You can learn more about this new NPRM here.

You can find the full text of the NPRM here.

 

Free Webinar on Meaningful Use: Slides included below

Here are the slides from  our February 25, 2010 Webinar on Meaningful Use.  This webinar was first in a series, and focused on the critical definition of "meaningful use" of "certified EHR technology," as described in proposed regulations released and published by CMS pursuant to the HITECH Act on January 13, 2009.  Steve and I discussed:

  • Key policy goals and objectives behind meaningful use
  • Measures required to achieve meaningful use
  • Structure of incentive payments under Medicare and Medicaid
  • Eligibility requirements for professionals and hospitals

Our next webinar, to be held on Thursday March 18, 2010, from 1:00 to 2:00 PM, will focus on how to negotiate software and EHR licensing agreements and other transactional issues with respect to dealing with health IT vendors.

For more information, please contact me at vschick@postschell.com or 202-661-6945.

Thursday: Free Webinar on "Meaningful Use"

On Thursday, February 25, 2010 from 1:00PM to 2:00PM (EST), Steve Fox and yours truly will host a free webinar, the first in a series, which will focus on the critical definition of "meaningful use" of "certified EHR technology," as described in proposed regulations released and published by CMS pursuant to the HITECH Act on January 13, 2009.  We will discuss:

  • Key policy goals and objectives behind meaningful use
  • Measures required to achieve meaningful use
  • Structure of incentive payments under Medicare and Medicaid
  • Eligibility requirements for professionals and hospitals

You may view each of these presentations at your desk. There is no charge or limit to the number of people who may listen to each presentation on the same line. Click here to register. After registering, you will receive log-in information by e-mail.

Our next webinar, to be held on Thursday March 18, 2010, from 1:00 to 2:00 PM, will focus on how to negotiate software and EHR licensing agreements and other transactional issues with respect to dealing with health IT vendors.

For more information, please contact me at vschick@postschell.com or 202-661-6945.

 

Obama administration announces $975M in HIT grants

HHS Secretary Kathleen Sebelius, appearing with Labor Secretary Hilda Solis, announced the Obama administration will release almost $1 billion set aside in the stimulus bill in order to aid implementation of health information technology.

Secretary Sebelius announced $386 million in grants to advance widespread adoption of EHRs at the state level, including for health information exchanges (HIEs).  HHS also awarded $375 million to 32 nonprofits for Regional Extension Centers which assist providers in updating their medical record systems and train workers on such new technologies.

Secretary Solis announced around $225 million to support 55 job-training programs in 30 states which is expected to train around 15,000 people in the health records technology.

The Obama administration expects to help more than 100,000 health-care providers set up electronic medical records for their patients by 2014.

According to the Wall Street Journal's Washington Wire blog:

Patient privacy is the top priority,” Health and Human Services Secretary Kathleen Sebelius said. The agency is about to appoint a chief privacy officer, and the government has strengthen [sic] the penalties for negligent security breaches for companies so they reach up to $1 million.

"Electronic Medical Records get a boost," Washington Wire (February 12, 2010).

"Obama awards money for electronic medical records," Associated Press (February 13, 2010).

Negotiating vendor-financed EMR transactions

Ingenix, the technology unit of United Health Group, and Allscripts-Misys Healthcare Solutions joined Siemens, GE Healthcare and IBM in offering financing for purchasers of electronic medical record technology.   This continues the trend of vendors offering interest-free financing until healthcare providers receive the "meaningful use"  incentive payments or reimbursements under the HITECH Act.

While such offers may provide a solution to some of the credit and financing woes facing the healthcare industry, healthcare providers should be acutely aware of the many potential pitfalls and related issues inherent in vendor-financed deals, including: (1) additional pressure from vendors to accept their standard contractual terms and conditions, rather than engaging in full-blown contract negotiations, because vendors have much more leverage if they are also the creditor in the transaction; (2) failing to obtain necessary warranties and representations from vendors that their systems will comply with all relevant requirements under ARRA and the HITECH Act and will permit the provider to achieve meaningful use; (3) dealing with problems that may arise if either the vendor’s product fails to achieve applicable certification (e.g., CCHIT), is not “accepted” by the provider after completion of acceptance testing or the product does not enable the provider to achieve “meaningful use” in a timely manner, as well as a host of other issues.

Steve Fox and yours truly explore the issues around vendor financing of EHR system purchases in the latest issue of the Journal of Health Information Management, where we suggest recommended courses of action for healthcare providers considering acquiring HIT systems, including EMRs, by using vendor financing options.  A complimentary PDF copy of the article is available here.
 

Updated: Meaningful Use Definition Released in the Federal Register

CMS released a proposed rule pursuant to the HITECH Act which includes the much-anticipated definition of Meaningful Use of Certified EHR technology.  You can find the full text here.*

HHS has also released an interim final rule with a request for comments to adopt an initial set of standards, implementation specifications, and certification criteria, as required by section 3004(b)(1) of the Public Health Service Act. This interim final rule represents the first step in an incremental approach to adopting standards, implementation specifications, and certification criteria to enhance the interoperability, functionality, utility, and security of health information technology and to support its meaningful use. The certification criteria adopted in this initial set establish the capabilities and related standards that certified electronic health record (EHR) technology will need to include in order to, at a minimum, support the achievement of the proposed meaningful use Stage 1 (beginning in 2011) by eligible professionals and eligible hospitals under the Medicare and Medicaid EHR Incentive Programs.  You can find this interim rule here.*

 

* These are links to PDF versions of the NPRM and IFR published on January 13, 2010 in the Federal Register.

GE and Siemens provide new financing options for Health IT purchases

On the eve of HHS releasing the much-anticipated definition of "meaningful use," health IT divisions of GE and Siemens revealed new financing options for purchases of their EMR and other HIT products.

On December 16, 2009, Siemens followed IBM and GE in offering "a series of flexible financing solutions to help healthcare providers pursue meaningful use objectives and meet [HITECH Act] deadlines <...>  Featuring zero-percent interest terms for qualified customers, the solutions enable organizations to defer up-front payments associated with their technology investment while meeting criteria for future government incentive monies."

According to Fierce Healthcare:

To provide the greatest possible range of choices for customers, Siemens offers solutions from Siemens Financial Services, Inc. as well as from selected partners, including IBM Global Financing and 3-D Financial Services. These options allow customers to choose a customized financing solution that matches their individual technology acquisition roadmaps, business strategies, financial profiles, and technology needs. <...>

By bridging the gap between the project implementation and the receipt of ARRA incentive, Siemens will be providing its customers an option which allows them to optimize their cash flow while maximizing return on investment.

Back in June of 2009, GE announced its $2 billion commitment as part of its Stimulus Simplicity program. According to the Wall Street Journal, GE, through its GE Capital division, “expects to offer $100 million in interim financing to hospitals and health-care providers for projects that are expected to qualify for funds from the U.S. government's economic-stimulus package. GE said the move offers doctors, community health clinics and hospitals a bridge to qualify for stimulus funds and faster access to electronic medical records.” While the “meaningful use” definition and the EHR certification are not yet finalized, GE guarantees that its EHRs will meet the upcoming requirements, regardless of the details of the final rule. Like IBM’s program, GE’s financing is also restricted specifically for GE Centricity, GE’s EHR product.

On December 24, 2009, GE extended the financing terms available for its Centricity EMR software to other health IT products, including Centricity Enterprise and Centricity Business, a financial and administrative tool for providers.  According to Healthcare IT News:

GE executives say they have seen strong interest in the program, with demand exceeding $140 million in sales opportunities.

In the current economic environment, vendor financing may be the best (if not the only) option for healthcare providers seeking to qualify for incentive payments under ARRA.  However, such  providers should be aware of the many potential pitfalls and related issues inherent in vendor-financed deals, including: (1) additional pressure from vendors to accept standard contractual terms and conditions; (2) failing to obtain necessary warranties from vendors that their systems will comply with all relevant requirements under ARRA and the HITECH Act and will permit the provider to achieve meaningful use; (3) dealing with problems that may arise if either the vendors’ products fail to achieve certification, or the provider fails to achieve “meaningful use” in a timely manner, as well as a host of other issues. 

These issues are subject of an upcoming article by yours truly, in the Journal of Health Information Management.  We will link to the article when it becomes available online.

"Siemens Unveils Flexible Financing Solutions to Help Providers Achieve Meaningful Use," Fierce Healthcare (December 16, 2009).

"GE expands healthcare IT loan program," Healthcare IT News (December 24, 2009).

"GE Unit Offers Interim Loans to Hospitals, Health-Care Providers" The Wall Street Journal (June 16, 2009), B3.

"G.E. Offers Loans for E-Health Record Purchases," New York Times Bits Blog (June 15, 2009).
 

PWC report projects booming market in personalized medicine

The new science of personalized medicine, a new report on the $232 billion personalized medicine industry by PriceWaterhouseCoopers, anticipates an annual 11% growth in this market.  Health IT and telemedicine are among the key drivers for personalized medicine. 

According to Healthcare IT News, the report's findings include:

  • The core diagnostic and therapeutic segment of the market – made up primarily of pharmaceutical, medical device and diagnostics companies – is estimated at $24 billion and expected to grow by 10 percent annually, reaching $42 billion by 2015.
  • The personalized medical care portion of the market – including telemedicine, health information technology and disease management services offered by traditional health and technology companies – is estimated at $4 billion to $12 billion and could grow to more than $100 billion by 2015 if telemedicine takes off.
  • The related nutrition and wellness market – including retail, complementary and alternative medicines offered by consumer products, food and beverage, leisure and retail companies – is estimated at $196 billion and projected to grow 7 percent annually to more than $290 billion by 2015.

You can find the full report here.

"IT helps drive $232B personalized medicine market," Healthcare IT News (December 8, 2009).

New York Times: New study shows little improvement for EMR users

The New York Times reported on a new study led by Dr. Ashish Jha of the Harvard School of Public Health and Catherine M. DesRoches of Massachusetts General Hospital which found only marginal benefits to hospitals using electronic health records in terms of reducing costs and improving the quality of care.

The new study placed hospitals into three groups: those with full-featured electronic health records, those with more basic ones, and those without computerized records. It then looked at their performance on federally approved quality measures in the care of conditions like congestive heart failure and pneumonia, and in surgical infection prevention.

In the heart failure category, for example, the hospitals with advanced electronic records met best-practice standards 87.8 percent of the time; those with basic computer records, 86.7 percent; and those without, 85.9 percent. The differences in other categories were similarly slender.

Reducing the length of hospital stays, according to many experts, should be a big money-saving payoff from electronic health records — as better care aided by technology translates into less time spent in hospitals. For hospitals with full-featured digital records, the average length of stay was 5.5 days; for those with basic computer records, 5.7 days; and those without, 5.7 days.

The upside, if any? Dr. Karen Bell, a former HHS official, was not surprised by the findings and hopes that the real benefits will be achieved after use of EMRs is much more widespread:

'There will be no clear answers on the overall payoff from the wider use of electronic health records until we get further along, five years or more, said Dr. Bell, [now a] senior vice president for health information technology services at Masspro, a nonprofit group. “But that doesn’t mean we shouldn’t go forward.'

"Little Benefit Seen, So Far, in Electronic Patient Records," New York Times (November 16, 2009).

 

Timely advice: Begin preparations for "meaningful use" now

Our collaborator and friend James Oakes, a Principal at Health Care Information Consultants, LLC in Baltimore, Md., authored a wise and timely call for action for healthcare providers hoping to capitalize on the incentive payments for meaningful use of certified EHR technology included in the HITECH Act. 

The article, appearing in BNA's Health IT Law & Industry Report, argues that even though the HHS has yet to produce final regulations defining such key HITECH Act terms as "meaningful use" and "certified EHR technology," healthcare providers should not wait any longer to begin planning for the transition from paper to digital records, or the likely required updates to existing EHR systems:

Given the uncertainty surrounding these issues, a number of providers have elected to delay any action towards selecting and implementing an electronic health record (EHR) for their institution until answers are made available, reasoning that they want to know as much as possible before committing to a direction. However, providers who take this path may put themselves at risk for forfeiting eligibility for ARRA funds at all, given the time to execute and implement systems.

 

Oakes suggests several initial steps to EHR implementation:

  1. Gain a high-level understanding of the basic provisions of ARRA and the HITECH Act.
  2. Develop a realistic plan for your institution based on your assessment of the level of automation that is right for your circumstances, environment, and budget.
  3. Discuss the implementation, transition and any relevant software changes with your current health IT vendor.  Considering the huge increase in demand in HIT services, it is important to secure your vendor's support and involvement early on, so that your organization does not end up at the end of the line.
  4. Know the health IT market because your organization will benefit from having the most customized solution (as opposed to, e.g.,  the most expensive or feature-rich), at the right price.

"Get started!" urges Oakes:

Going through all of these steps will not be accomplished overnight. Indeed, past experience suggests that if a hospital has not started these steps already, it will take from 24 months to 48 months for a mid-sized hospital to transition from planning to live operation, including full use of clinical capabilities. Given that ARRA incentives start phasing down in FY 2013 for physicians (2014 for hospitals), it is not beyond the realm of possibility that an institution that waits too long to start could find itself shut out of maximum incentive payments.

You can find the full article, courtesy of BNA's Health IT Law and Industry Report, here.

CBS News reports on EHR efforts

By popular demand, here is the video of David Pogue's report on the Obama Administration's efforts to digitize patient records in the U.S. 


Watch CBS News Videos Online

"Charting a New Course," CBS News (September 13, 2009).

New York Times interviews David Blumenthal

David Pogue, a reporter for the New York Times, posted the transcript of his interview with Dr. David Blumenthal, National Coordinator for Health IT. Mr. Pogue interviewed Dr. Blumenthal for a CBS news report on digitization of healthcare in America (the video is available after the jump).

Here are some highlights from the interview:

On current state of health IT in the US:

We found that about 17 percent of physicians in 2008 had adopted an electronic health record, and about ten percent of hospitals. <...> The rest is paper. It's basically the same system that physicians have used since Hippocrates, which is writing on some piece of paper.

On reimbursement penalties for those failing to achieve meaningful use by 2015:

From 2011 to 2015, there is a bonus. The Congress has put $45 billion on the table to ease physicians and hospitals into this new world of computerized medicine.After 2015, if you have not adopted, and you see Medicare or Medicaid patients, you may experience a penalty. 2015 is six years off. Six years is plenty of time for physicians to get themselves organized to put a record in place and avoid those penalties.

 

On cost of EMRs:

On average, the cost is between $40,000 and $50,000, of which about a third is the software and the hardware, about a third is the cost of getting it set up in the office, and about a third is maintaining it. Much of the expense is related to the cost of implementing and the cost of maintaining it over time.

On privacy and security:

Privacy and security are foundational to a modern health information system. You cannot get the computer into this business without assuring people that their information, their personal information, will be safe.

So we are looking at the best possible technical solutions, technical protections, to privacy and security. We want to make sure that we have looked at every opportunity for encryption, every security device that the best minds can think of, to make information safer. We've got it in other parts of the industry, but we don't have it for healthcare. So I think that's a very important agenda item for us.

<...>

There are two kinds of anxieties. One is that their data may be used for purposes that they haven't authorized it. So if they haven't authorized their personal data to be used for research, they don't want it for that purpose. And the way the law gets around that problem is by saying that information should be de-identified; that is, it should be abstracted from the record in a way that can never be traced back to that individual.

And then that information can be used for research on drug safety, or research on the value of particular treatments, or anything els that may be useful to human health.

There's another kind of fear, and that is the fear of the breach or break-in, or hacking. And there have been some examples of that.

That's where better encryption and better barriers to hacking are critical. And, you know, we have a new cybersecurity initiative that President Obama has put in process. It's well known that the security of information is a national need for defense purposes. It's also, I think, a very important need for this domestic policy purpose. So we want to work with that security initiative to know that we've taken advantage of everything that the federal government and the computer industry knows about how to keep records secure.

Finally, the big picture:

Well, it's a big challenge, it's an exciting challenge, and a historic challenge. There's nothing that's worth doing that's easy to do in life, and this is one of those.

But I really think that history is on the side of this activity. To be a 21st-century physician, to be a 21st-century hospital, we can't record data the same way the Greeks did in 500 B.C. We've gotta move to use the computer to support our work. And that's what we're trying to do.

There'll be bumps on the road. We're not gonna be perfect. We'll make mistakes. But I think the wind is at our back in terms of the historical trends. And we'll get there, sooner or later.

"Computerized Health Records," New York Times (October 15, 2009).

"Charting a New Course," CBS News (September 13, 2009).

 


Watch CBS News Videos Online

In the news: Blumenthal on "meaningful use," new health information management jobs, etc.

Dr. David Blumenthal, the National Coordinator for Health IT, gave an update on the Obama Administration's efforts to define "meaningful use" and to further adoption of EHRs nationwide.  Blumenthal did not reveal any new details regarding the upcoming regulations on meaningful use, reminding his audience of the upcoming "notice of proposed rulemaking in late 2009 with a public comment period in early 2010."

Meanwhile, according to Government HealthIT, the next meeting of the HIT Policy Committee, which will meet on October 27 and 28, will focus on how to map meaningful use objectives to medical specialties as well as small practices and hospitals.

Speaking at the 81st annual American Health Information Management Association convention in Grapevine, Texas, Dr. Blumenthal stated that he expects 50,000 health information management (HIM) jobs to be created as the U.S. moves from the paper-based to the digital system of healthcare.  AHIMA's CEO, Linda Kloss, noted that the interest in HIM careers has "exploded" during the last year.

Much more news after the jump.
  

 

  • American Medical News reported on the staffing changes for healthcare organizations necessitated by the nationwide switch to electronic health records. According to the article:

There are some assumptions about staff changes that are easy to make, experts say. Any job that was strictly paper-based prior to implementation, for example, will need to be overhauled or eliminated.

Other changes are not so easy to predict, and could depend on how willing your employees are to adapt and learn new skills.

  • According to Crain's Detroit Business, urban hospitals lag behind rural hospitals and physicians' practices in joining health information exchanges (HIE's) because such HIE's pose a combination of monetary, strategic, and technological challenges.
     
  • Washington Post reported on a pilot project in Ohio aimed at streamlining the cost of healthcare administration.  The state's eight major health insurers - representing 91% of the patients - have signed on to participate in this initiative.  The Post described the program as:

a single Web portal [that the participants] believe will reduce duplication, miscommunication, and confusion between doctors and insurance companies. That will mean quicker office and hospital service, more time for patient care, and, ultimately, cost savings, participants said.

  • Healthcare IT News reported that -- according to e-prescribing company Surescripts -- "the number of physicians using electronic prescribing will have more than doubled in 2009 and that "more than 140,000 – 23 percent of all office-based physicians, nurse practitioners and physician assistants in the United States – are e-prescribing today."
     
  • USA Today reported on the various hardships and setbacks to widespread implementation of EHRs.  The article ended on a somewhat hopeful note, with a great quote by Stephanie Reel, the CIO of Johns Hopkins University:

We've been saying that we're five years away from electronic medical records for the past 40 years ... Now maybe we really are only five years away.

"Meaningful" Progress Toward Electronic Health Information Exchange, David Blumenthal, MD (October 1, 2009).

"Specialists, primary care providers differ in meaningful use," Government HealthIT (October 6, 2009).

"Health IT effort to create thousands of new jobs, says Blumenthal," Healthcare IT News (October 6, 2009).

"How electronic medical records affect staffing," Amednews.com (October 5, 2009).

"Slow with the flow: Hospitals lag in joining health info exchanges," Crain's Detroit Business (October 4, 2009).

"Paperwork angst drives Ohio doctor, insurer effort," The Washington Post (October 5, 2009).

"More than 140,000 physicians on growing list of e-prescribers," Healthcare IT News (October 5, 2009).

"High-tech 'scribes' help transfer medical records into electronic form, " USA Today (October 7, 2009).
 


 

 

A note of caution about vendor guarantees on "meaningful use"

According to Modern Healthcare, several HIT vendors, including GE Healthcare, NextGen Healthcare Information Systems, and Athenahealth, will guarantee that their EHR products will meet or "evolve to meet" the federal requirements for "meaningful use," even though such requirements have not been promulgated yet by CMS.  In fact,

Athenahealth recently upped the ante by guaranteeing that, not only will the company's AthenaClinicals Internet-based electronic health-record service meet federal standards, but the doctors who use it will receive a bonus payment for the 2011 program year under the terms of the [HITECH Act].

The HITECH Act provides for a first-year incentive payment of $18,000 for those eligible professionals who achieve meaningful use of certified EHR technology in 2011 or 2012, instead of a first-year payment of $15,000 thereafter.

Some vendors hope that such guarantees will spur activity in the market, persuading some reluctant healthcare providers not to wait until CMS issues its final "meaningful use" regulations next year.  There is also some doubt whether such guarantees apply to each vendor's existing customers or solely to new customers.

However, whenever a healthcare organization enters into an EMR purchase or license agreement, it must obtain strong warranties from the vendor that its product(s) and system will meet the applicable federal requirement standards at time of issuance of such standards, as well as for duration of the applicable license.  "Meaningful use" requirements will likely change over the life of a license, and a vendor's obligation to meet such evolving standards is absolutely essential.  Healthcare providers must also include proper remedies and appropriate carve-outs from vendor's limitation of liability for a vendor's breach of such warranties.

Of course, such warranties are just the tip of the iceberg.  If meeting "meaningful use" criteria is essential to your healthcare organization, your EMR license agreements should include robust testing and acceptance provisions; vendor warranties regarding meeting major milestones on time; warranties regarding compliance with patient information privacy and security laws; clauses securing your ownership and access to patient data, along with many other significant provisions.

"HITS Beyond: IT vendors say products will meet unknown guidelines," Modern Healthcare (September 28, 2009).

PWC Survey Findings May Support North Shore's EMR Gamble

The New York Times reported last week that the North Shore-Long Island Jewish Health System (North Shore) will offer its 7,000 affiliated (though not employed by North Shore) physicians subsidies for implementing electronic health records.  Interestingly, this subsidy does not include or prevent such physicians from qualifying for the approximately $44,000 in Medicare incentive payments under ARRA. 

North Shore plans to subsidize 50% of the total cost of the EMR system (which uses Dell hardware and Allscripts software) for practices "who simply install electronic health records that can communicate between the doctor's office, labs and hospitals."  However, the health system will subsidize 85% of the total cost of the EMR -- a figure driven, no doubt, by the exceptions to the Stark and Anti-Kickback laws -- for physicians willing to share some of their patient data. 

North Shore is counting on the availability of shared data to reduce the cost of care through reduction of unnecessary tests and medical mistakes.  A recent PriceWaterhouseCoopers (PWC) survey may support North Shore's reasoning.  The survey found broad agreement among healthcare executives with respect to secondary uses of EMR patient data.  Among other findings (discussed after the jump), the PWC survey found that 42% of organizations already using some form of secondary data use achieved cost savings, 29% increased their revenue, and 59% saw improvements in quality of care.

The Times implied that with this move, North Shore may be seeking a competitive advantage as well:

Digital links, analysts say, can also tighten the bonds between doctors and the hospital groups that subsidize the computerized records. In most local markets, independent physicians typically have admitting privileges at more than one nearby hospital, and so hospitals compete for doctors as well as patients.

There are, of course, risks associated with the North Shore program, including significant delays or even failure to realize significant savings from the EMR adoptions, or the uncertainty about the privacy and security measures for sharing patient data among affiliated providers.

However, both the North Shore program and the PWC survey findings suggest that the often reluctant physicians are beginning to accept the inevitability of the widespread use of electronic health records, and are trying to capitalize on the many benefits of EMR systems, including potential for improving the quality of care and reducing costs.

According to the Healthcare IT News, the PWC survey found that the "data that could be mined from a health system can improve patient care, predict public health trends and reduce healthcare costs," though "a lack of standards, privacy concerns and technology limitations are holding back progress."  In particular:

  • Nine in 10 healthcare executives believe that the secondary use of health information will significantly improve the quality of patient care and offers the promise of even greater benefits in the future.
  • Nearly two thirds (65 percent) of health organizations say they expect their secondary data use to increase significantly within the next two years.
  • Among organizations already using some form of secondary data, 59 percent have seen quality improvements, 42 percent have achieved cost savings, 36 percent have seen patient/member satisfaction improve and 29 percent have increased revenue.
  • Providers who are not using secondary data say the number one reason is lack of EHR implementation, not because they are opposed to the concept. Health plans are farthest behind in their secondary use of data despite their vast repository of comprehensive claims information from physicians, hospitals, pharmacies and dentists.
  • Ninety percent of pharmaceutical companies have limited or no access to health information contained in electronic health records.
  • Most health organizations that use secondary data do so for their own quality monitoring and reporting and for identifying areas that need quality improvement.

"E-Records Get a Big Endorsement," The New York Times (September 28, 2009).

"Survey: Secondary use of electronic health data will improve care, cut costs," Healthcare IT News (October 1, 2009).

Health IT Market Heats Up

The last few weeks saw a tremendous amount of activity in the health IT market.  Dell and Xerox were among the companies trying to capitalize on opportunities created by the ARRA incentives and certain market trends, including high demand for HIT products due to the ongoing digitization of the industry and, more generally, the expanding healthcare needs of an aging population in the United States.

Dell is quickly establishing itself as a major player in health IT.  In April 2009, Dell aligned itself with Wal-Mart and eClinical Works to supply hardware for Wal-Mart's new EHR system.  Last month, Dell rolled out its own EHR system aimed at physicians affiliated with hospital practices, with Tufts Medical Center and Memorial Hermann Health Care System among the early adopters. 

Even more significantly, on September 21, 2009, Dell announced its plans to acquire the health IT vendor Perot Systems Corp. for $3.9 billion.  Perot is a major player in the healthcare industry:  about half of Perot's $2.8 billion in annual revenue comes from the healthcare market; and as much as half of the hospitals that outsource their IT are Perot clients.   Perot runs over 3,000 healthcare applications for its clients, though the company does not have a preferred provider arrangement with a specific application vendor.

A mere week following Dell's announcement, Xerox's CEO Ursula M. Burns revealed her company's "game-changer" plan to buy Affiliated Computer Services (ACS) for $6.4 billion.  According to IT World:

ACS may be in a good position to get even more business in the next few years as the federal government starts spending billions of dollars to help health care providers create electronic medical records systems. ACS said that health care projects account for about $1 billion of its $6.5 billion in revenue for the year ended June 30.

While Dell and Xerox acquisitions grabbed most of the spotlight this week, other Wall Street giants, like Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., Intel and Google, havemade significant inroads into the health  IT market.  Healthcare consultants Frost & Sullivan, as cited in Healthcare IT News, see an expanding market which will benefit new players.

Companies with a fresh, outside perspective will be invaluable to improving healthcare delivery and producing the next generation of medical technology <...> The enormous demand for new technology and solutions to address both the clinical needs of patients and the systemic problems of healthcare delivery will create opportunities for companies with the foresight to identify and capitalize on opportunities.

However, Frost & Sullivan also cautions companies against jumping into this industry without considering potential downsides, including the incredibly complex regulatory framework governing U.S. healthcare.

Joseph Conn, "Dell's HIT Power Play," Modern Healthcare (September 28, 2009).

"Dell to Buy Perot Systems for About $3.9 Billion," The New York Times (September 21, 2009).

"Major corporations looking for stake in healthcare, medical technology market," Healthcare IT News (October 1, 2009).

"Doc, you're getting a Dell (EMR)," Healthcare IT News (September 10, 2009).

"Xerox Buys Affiliated, Fueling Shift to Services," The New York Times (September 28, 2009).

"With ACS, Xerox will gain a firm growing quickly offshore," IT World (September 28, 2009).

 

Government Health IT: CCHIT to serve temporarily as sole EHR certifier

Via Government Health IT:

The federal Health IT Policy Committee today endorsed recommendations that would leave the Certification Commission for Health IT in the short term as the sole organization authorized to certify health IT systems that qualified for funding under the economic stimulus plan. More certifying organizations would be added later.

Certification of electronic health record systems that met federal criteria for “meaningful use” of health IT could start as early as October, members of the Department of Health and Human Services’ Health IT Policy Committee said at the August 14th meeting.

Under the plan, CCHIT would provide a preliminary stamp of approval that health IT systems were HHS-qualified or certified until a final meaningful use regulation is published at the end of the year, said Marc Probst, chief information office of Intermountain Healthcare and co-chairman of the Committee’s certification work group.

Preliminary certification is meant to give providers and vendors enough certainty to proceed with planning, designing and purchasing systems in 2010. The HHS certification-qualification would mean that a provider purchasing the systems would be eligible for Medicare and Medicaid incentive payments under the stimulus law beginning in 2011.

"CCHIT will be sole health IT certifier, for now," Government Health IT (August 14, 2009).

New York Times reports on privacy concerns about use of de-identified health information

The New York Times reported on Americans' growing concern regarding commercial use of their personal health information, especially the use of re-identified prescription drugs information for marketing purposes.  

The article points out correctly that the Recovery Act of 2009 (ARRA) included a few key changes to the present privacy regime, which would make it more difficult for pharmacies and data mining companies to use patient information for marketing or fundraising purposes.  While the new law (and the upcoming applicable HHS regulations sanctioned by ARRA) will close a few loopholes in the current medical privacy regime, data mining companies like IMS Health and Verispan do not seem to be overly worried about these new developments:

The law won’t shut down the medical data mining industry, but there will be more restrictions on using private information without patients’ consent and penalties for civil violations will be increased. Government agencies are still writing new regulations called for in the law.  <...>

IMS Health reported operating revenue of $1.05 billion in the first half of 2009, down 10.6 percent from the period a year earlier. [An IMS representative] said he did not expect growing awareness of privacy issues to affect the business.

The Times article also touches on a few other important areas of concern for privacy advocates:  the effect of widespread adoption and use of electronic health records (EHR's) and personal health records (PHR's) on privacy and security of patients' protected health information.  

Interestingly, the article notes that while "Microsoft and WebMD acknowledge that the privacy rules in the stimulus law apply to them," "Google says the law’s prohibitions do not apply to it, except for its duty to report any breaches of medical privacy."  According to a Google spokeswoman, "Google is bound by the privacy policy that people agree to when they sign up."  Right after the enactment of the Recovery Act, Google claimed that the additional privacy rules included in the ARRA did not apply to its PHR products.  However, Google acknowledged the applicability of ARRA's data breach notification requirements a few months thereafter.  This quote in the Times may reintroduce, if not underscore, Google's ambiguous attitude toward applicability of the new privacy and security rules.

"And You Thought a Prescription Was Private," The New York Times (August 9, 2009).

 

 

HIT and the practice of medicine in Texas

While we anxiously await ONC's preliminary definition of "meaningful use" (due to be published on Thursday of this week), let us consider the future of American healthcare through the prism of recent industry analysis and new developments in Texas.

The New York Times Bits blog had a posting today about "an ambitious experiment" at the Cook Children's Health Care System in Ft. Worth, Texas.  Cook Children's is implementing a new EHR technology system (see details after the jump) which the administration hopes "will help the clinic improve care management and curb costs."  This outcome-oriented approach is also consistent with the payment and reimbursement structure at the clinic: "a capitated payment -- a set annual payment for each patient, instead of the standard fee-for-service system of American health care."

This development reminded me of Atul Gawande's fascinating article in The New Yorker last month about the bottom line-driven culture of hospitals and medical practices in McAllen, TX, which, according to his analysis, may lead to significantly higher cost of health care, while showing no real improvement in the quality of care.  The article contrasts the McAllen model with an outcome-oriented, collaborative model of practice of medicine in such healthcare enterprises as the Mayo Clinic in Minnesota and Grand Junction in Colorado, which produce better quality of care while significantly lowering costs.

According to the the Bits blog:

[Cook Children's] plans to install Web-based electronic health records and data integration technology at its 60 offices and clinics throughout Texas. It is also offering personal health records, controlled by the families of its young patients, that can follow them throughout their lifetimes.

The Web-based health records will be supplied by AthenaHealth, while the data integration software and personal health records will come from Microsoft.

The most intriguing thing Cook Children’s has planned is probably its prototype Innovation Clinic. It will be a small physician office, with two or three doctors. Small practices are the biggest challenge for electronic health-record adoption, since they cannot afford full-time technical helpers. The 2,000 to 3,000 patients will be from Medicaid families — lower-income homes where chronic health problems are most common.

The clinic, said Ryan Champlin, vice president of operations for Cook Children’s, will emphasize family engagement and preventive care.

Is outcome-oriented practice of medicine the answer to some of the major problems of the U.S. healthcare system? Will the final health reform bill, if passed, incentivize or address these issues?  While the answers to such questions remain uncertain, it is clear that health IT will play a crucial role in the future of healthcare in the U.S., and is absolutely essential to the collaborative medicine model adopted by providers like Cook Children's.

Atul Gawande, "The Cost Conundrum," The New Yorker (June 1, 2009).
"Electronic Health Records: A Texas Model," The Bits Blog (July 13, 2009).

Washington Post examines HIMSS role in securing HIT stimulus funding

The Washington Post provides an interesting behind-the-scenes account of how the funds for electronic health records adoption were included into the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, commonly known as the stimulus bill.  Health Information and Management System Society (HIMSS) played a crucial role in this lobbying effort.  According to the Post:

[HIMSS] had worked closely with technology vendors, researchers and other allies in a sophisticated, decade-long campaign to shape public opinion and win over Washington's political machinery.

You can read the whole article here.

Steve Fox featured in For the Record's May 2009 Cover Story

Steve Fox was interviewed in this month's Cover Story "The Big Push", in For the Record, a biweekly  magazine for health information management professionals, regarding the incentives and challenges of EHR adoption.  On incentives included in the HITECH Act, Steve argued that:

“it’s almost crazy not to adopt EHRs because we’re talking about a significant amount of money ... From my discussions with hospitals and other physicians, the consensus seems to be that leaving that large sum on the table would just be foolish. Some hospitals I’ve spoken with are anticipating this will bring in millions.”

Steve also identified interoperability as a crucial goal for EHR systems:

“Trying to encourage not just adoption of EHRs but having them all interconnected is definitely the next step and perhaps even the definition of success in the end ... Hospitals need to be connected with one another or the EHRs are not being used to their full potential. Take Philadelphia, for instance. There are a lot of hospitals there but almost no connectivity among them. If a patient has his records at one hospital but gets taken to a different hospital, there’s no way to access his records, even if they do have an EHR in place.”

You can read the full article here.

Update: Healthcare Informatics Interviews Steve Fox and Ed Shay about the HITECH Act, Parts III and IV

Healthcare Informatics Editor-in-Chief Anthony Guerra recently talked with our own Steve Fox and fellow Post & Schell partner Edward Shay about the substance of the HITECH Act and what this new legislation means for healthcare providers. The interview appears under the "Online Exclusives" section of the Healthcare Informatics Web site.

Healthcare Informatics recently published Part III and Part IV of the interview on its Web site.

In the news: "Octomom" privacy breach at Kaiser Permanente; uptick in HIT stocks; and more

  • After what has become a rather typical breach of patient privacy for Southern California, Kaiser Permanente fired fifteen employees (and disciplined eight additional employees) for looking at the medical records of Nadya Suleman, the mother of octuplets commonly referred to as "Octomom".  Previously, similar breaches occurred at UCLA when that medical center's staff leaked celebrities' medical records to the tabloids.  (MercuryNews.com, via AP, March 30, 2009.)
  • Wall Street Journal reported last week that HIT stocks, especially smaller companies, like eClinicalWorks (which provide the software component of Wal-Mart's new EHR package) will benefit greatly from the billions of dollars in HIT funding included in the stimulus bill.  Also, in another sure sign of a growing industry, Quality Systems, the maker of the NextGen EHR software, is "beefing up its sales force." ("Stimulus Funds for E-Records Augur Big Windfall for Small Health Firms", Wall Street Journal, March 24, 2009.)
  • A new bill is introduced in the Pennsylvania Senate that would ban businesses from collecting personal data from driver's licenses.  This should also serve as a good reminder for businesses not to collect or store more information than absolutely necessary.  (Pennlive.com, March 30, 2009.)
  • Perot Systems will launch a new service tomorrow (April 1, 2009) to help hospitals achieve "meaningful use" status under HITECH, geared towards meeting the interoperability and standardization of HIT use.  (Healthcare IT News, March 30, 2009).

 

NEJM Study Finds Extremely Low Rates of EHR Adoption Among U.S. Hospitals

The New England Journal of Medicine published a study describing dismal rates of adoption and use of EHR technology in the United States.  The authors of the study found that

less than 2% of acute care hospitals have a comprehensive electronic-records system, and that, depending on the definition used, between 8 and 12% of hospitals have a basic electronic-records system.  With the use of the definition that requires the presence of functionalities for physicians' notes and nursing assessments, information systems in more than 90% of U.S. hospitals do not even meet the requirement for a basic electronic-records system.

Financial restraints is the most commonly cited reason for lack of electronic health records.  The authors found higher adoption rates among larger, urban, teaching hospitals (which the authors partially attributed to such institutions' financial resources available for EHR technology).  Interoperability and low levels of health information exchange also have a negative effect on EHR adoption levels.

However, the authors did provide a glimmer of hope, if not good news:

From a policy perspective, our data suggest that rewarding hospitals — especially financially vulnerable ones — for using health information technology may play a central role in a comprehensive approach to stimulating the spread of hospital electronic-records systems. Creating incentives for increasing information-technology staff and harmonizing information-technology standards and creating disincentives for not using such technology may also be helpful approaches.

Thus, hopefully the incentive payment provisions in the HITECH Act will have a positive effect on adoption rates in the foreseeable future.

It is worth pointing out that Dr. Blumenthal, the new head of ONCHIT, is one of the study's authors.  This study was covered by major national news outlets, including the Wall Street Journal and the New York Times.

"Use of Electronic Health Records in U.S. Hospitals" (New England Journal of Medicine, March 25, 2009).

 

 

 

Debate on EHR Savings Rages at Harvard

A battle royal rages on among various Harvard physicians about the effects of a widespread adoption of EHR technology.  In a Wall Street Journal op-ed, two Harvard doctors questioned President Obama's claim that nationwide adoption of EHR technology will save the taxpayers as much as $80 billion annually.   Drs. Groopman and Hartzband call on Mr. Obama to "apply real scientific rigor to fix our health-care system rather than rely on elegant exercises in wishful thinking."  

However, three other Harvard physicians, including Geek Doctor John Halamka, published a Letter to the Editor in response to the Groopman/Hartzband Op-Ed, claiming that the latter did not present a full or accurate picture of the positive effects of widespread adoption of EHR technology.  In part, Drs. Halamka, Bates and Middleton claim that:

The electronic health record represents a transformational change in healthcare, and will enable an array of improvements—although it will not necessarily result if implemented badly. The electronic record is to the paper record as the automobile was to the horse and buggy. No one will want to go back.

 

Separately, Stephen B. Soumerai, a Harvard Medical School professor (with a University of Alberta co-author, Sumit R. Majumdar) published an Op-Ed in the Washington Post supporting the Groopman/Hartzband claim that EHR technology is not going to produce the promised mass savings because major studies

have found that electronic records with computerized decision support did not result in a single improvement in any measure of quality of care for patients with chronic conditions including heart disease and asthma.

Soumerai and Majumdar sadly concluded that "a $50 billion investment in health information technology won't do much for many Americans." 

This did not go unnoticed by Halamka and the EHR enthusiasts, Drs. Bates and Middleton.  Their response in another Letter to the Editor (this time, in the Washington Post), systematically deconstructed Soumerai and Majumdar's conclusions, reinforcing the theme articulated by Halamka, Bates and Middleton in the Wall Street Journal:  bad implementation can lead to bad results; EHRs are the way of the future, and the focus should be on how to improve quality of care, not whether to implement EHR technology.  The Letter to the Editor also cited specific examples of savings produced by successful adoption of EHR technology:

a detailed case study of the cost and quality benefits of EHR at Family Care of Concord, NH found net benefits per clinician per year of $30,324. Another study of hospital-based provider order entry identified net savings of $1.7 million per year from drug dosing guidance, nursing time utilization, and error prevention.

While the fight continues at Harvard, there is some positive news from Wall Street.  The Wall Street Journal reports that the HIT funding included in the stimulus appears to boost stock prices of certain HIT vendors, including Quality Systems Inc. (QSII), Athenahealth Inc. (ATHN) and Allscripts-Misys Healthcare Solutions Inc. (MDRX).  Thus, it appears the stimulus is working for someone.  Let's hope the EHR enthusiasts at Harvard are correct, and that we will all benefit from lower-costs, increased efficiency and higher-quality health care as a result of nationwide EHR adoption.

"Obama's $80 Billion Exaggeration", Wall Street Journal, March 11, 2009.
"Bad Bet on Medical Records", The Washington Post, March 17, 2009.
"Health IT Push Helps Physician Practice Software Stocks", Wall Street Journal, March 23, 2009.

In the news

  • Kaiser Permanente and IBM inked a $500 million, seven-year IT services deal.  IBM will manage Kaiser's data center operations, storage and software, but IBM will not have access to patients' medical records.  AP, San Francisco Chronicle (March 17, 2009).
  • A new study expects that as much as three-quarters of prescribers will use e-prescribing by 2014 because of the incentives for adoption of e-prescribing technology included in the HITECH Act (though only about 15% of current prescribers use e-prescribing).  This could result in a massive $22 billion reduction in drug and medical costs.  Government Health IT (March 17, 2009).
  • Wal-Mart is bringing its "high-volume, low-cost" approach to the medical records industry.  Wal-Mart's Sam's Club division will produce a package that will include hardware from Dell, software from eClinicalWorks, as well as installation, maintenance and training services.  According to the New York Times (March 11, 2009), the "Sam’s Club offering, to be made available this spring, will be under $25,000 for the first physician in a practice, and about $10,000 for each additional doctor. After the installation and training, continuing annual costs for maintenance and support will be $4,000 to $6,500 a year, the company estimates." This development has huge implications for the EHR market, and may actually aid the widespread adoption of EHR technology.   Healthcare IT News (March 11, 2009) also covered this story.

More news after the jump.

  • Health Information Security and Privacy Collaboration (HISPC) is working on an engine to help healthcare providers navigate through the complex labyrinth of interstate transfers of health information.  Government Health IT (March 5, 2009).
  • President & CEO of HIMSS Analytics, Dave Garetz, predicts a huge rush in 2009 to adopt HIT in order to qualify for government incentives as meaningful EHR users.  There will likely be a significant shortage of competent HIT personnel and "change management experts" to help in this gigantic transition effort, which further underscores this Blog's urgent plea to begin planning for EHR adoption now.  Healthcare IT News (March 4, 2009).
  • Not everything is coming up roses:  Scott Haig of Time has a thoughtful article outlining some of the major challenges for nationwide adoption of EHR technology.  Time (March 5, 2009).
  • Universities are (and have been for years) the leading sector for publicized data breaches.  A new report examines the reasons.  ComputerWorld (March 9, 2009).  (The author of the article, Jay Cline, was only able 20 chief privacy officers at major U.S. universities, which is a clear sign that the academia - as institutions subject to numerous data privacy laws, including HIPAA, GLBA and FERPA - should be much more proactive and serious about data privacy protection.)